LIST 3 This file must be called "KDSKDOC2.TXT" on your computer. 14. UMBER FIND - Used with options DUMP SECTOR, EDIT SECTOR and HEX DUMP. Searches screen display for selected numbers (in hex). Inverts screen display for easy location. To use: a. Select option . b. Type in HEX digits to search for (12 digits max). c. Use with other dump or edit options. d. To turn NUMBER FIND off, Press ENTER instead of entering digits to find. 15. PTS A S=* D=* - Sets the default drives for other menu options. The first parameter is 'A' or 'F'. 'A' is for absolute disk addressing and 'F' is for file addressing. S is source drive, D is for destination drive. If an automatic default is not desired, hit enter instead of drive number. Menu displays default values selected. Asterix indicates no default value. Use arrow keys to change baud rate. Press ENTER when correct baud rate appears. The left margin can be set from 0 to 9 for a cleaner print out. However, some features of KDSK (LIBRARY) use an 80 column listing. To use the margins and avoid line wrapping on the printer, set printer to 12 CPI instead of the normal 10 CPI. To use: a. Select option . b. Answer prompts for source and destination drives. Use ENTER for no default drive. c. bsolute or ile disk access - Select 'A' or 'F' or hit ENTER to leave as is. The current setting is the Inverted letter. d. Select baud rate for printer (Use up/down arrow keys). e. Select left margin if desired. 16.

ASSWORD - Encrypts and decrypts files with the key word or phrase you provide. To use: a. Select option

when main menu is on the screen. b. Select drive and select file to encrypt/decrypt. c. Enter key word or phrase. Phrase can be up to 255 characters long. Warning: Key word or phrase must be exactly the same to decrypt a file. 17. UIT - Aborts the program and returns to Basic. Takes program out of memory. 18. ECOVER DIRECTORY - Will retrieve the backup directory (if saved with first the SAVE DIRECTORY option) and restore it to the original location (RS format only). Restored directory will be the same as when last saved (by SAVE option or COPY option). A directory cannot be recovered unless it was first saved. Used to recover crashed directories (explained later). To use: a. Select option . b. Answer prompt for source drive. 19. AVE DIRECTORY - Use of this option will save the granule allocation table and directory (RS format only) in the upper half of the directory track. This area on the disk cannot be accessed during normal disk use and is usually dead space on the disk. As such, use of this option will not tie up a granule of disk space as some other directory saving schemes do. Use of this option and RECOVER DIRECTORY option can help to recover a crashed disk. To use: a. Select option . b. Answer prompt for source drive. 20. RACKS = 35/18 - Sets the maximum tracks and sectors that can be accessed by the other menu options. Can be set for any number from 00 to 99. Current status is displayed on the main menu. To use: a. Select option . b. Answer prompts for maximum number of tracks and sectors per track. Answer with 2 digit numbers (09 instead of 9). Note that if tracks are set to 40, option will format 40 tracks, option will backup 40 tracks, etc... 21. PLOAD - Uploads machine language or basic programs from tape and transfers program to disk (RS format). Displays start, end, and exec addresses for machine language programs. Has options to skip over files if desired. To use: a. Select option . b. Ready cassette and press ENTER when prompted. Option will automatically write file to disk. 22. ERIFY - Acts as a toggle switch for the verify on/off command. Current status is displayed on the main menu. When verify is on, each track written is immediately re-read to insure write was successful. This slows down all disk writes and is recommended only if you are experiencing problems with a disk or drive. To use: a. Select option . Current status is displayed on main menu. 23. FLEX TO RS - Converts Flex formatted files to RS format. JOB must be set on appropriate Flex format option. Converted file is put on target drive and source file is untouched. This option is limited to ASCII files and binary files with one load address (Most binary files have only one load address). To Use: a. Set JOB to correct Flex format. b. Select Option from main menu and answer questions for source and target drives. c. A list of Flex files on the source disk will be displayed with a letter preceding each filename. Select files by letter to be converted to RS format and hit ENTER. 24. EXAMINE TRACK - Allows you to examine an entire track of data, including control data on the disk. Uses the same format as DUMP command. Press any key to display next screen and to go back one screen. Displays bytes viewed in upper right corner in hex and can be used with NUMBER FIND. To use: a. Select option . b. Answer prompt for source drive. c. Displays 64 bytes at a time. Any key advances to next screen. goes back 64 bytes. SPECIAL KEYS The following commands can be used for those options above that use the arrow keys (not all commands apply in all cases): - Goes to next track. - Goes to previous track. - Goes to next sector. - Goes to previous sector. - Goes to next page. <-> - Starts option or page over. - Aborts and returns to main menu. Can be used with any option any time program is waiting for a response. - Same as break key only does not display Title page. - Sends screen contents to printer. Can be used at any time. RECOVERING A CRASHED DISK There are several ways to recover a crashed disk with KDSK. The most common crash is in the directory track (track 17). The first thing to do is use BACKUP to make a copy of the readable sectors on a crashed disk. Each time KDSK stops with a disk error, note the track & sector number, then press the space bar to continue. If the error was a CRC error, there's a good chance the data is still intact and the backup will work as the original did. If not, read on... Recovering the directory is easy now if you used the SAVE option or used COPY to copy a file to the disk before it crashed. Use RECOVER on the backup disk and your directory will be restored the same image as the last SAVE or COPY. Another method is INITIALIZE (format) just the bad sector. (KDSK actually must reformat the entire track but rewrites the readable sectors when it's finished). Hit return for the fill character and KDSK will fill the bad sector with whatever data can be read after initializing the sector. Again, if you had only CRC errors, you may be finished, otherwise follow the directions in previous paragraph. CUSTOMIZING KDSK KDSK UTILITY can be customized by changing the verify status, default drive status, printer baud rate (use up/down arrow keys), number of tracks, number of sectors/track, etc on loading to reflect what you normally use with your system. To change, select on initial load and answer questions. When asked for printer control characters, answer in hex, including escape characters if needed. Be sure to use leading zeros when entering hex numbers (Ex: use 0F not F, and use 01 instead of 1). Hit enter if no changes are needed. KDSK is initially setup up for Star Printers as follows: Normal Print = 1B351B481B461B4201 1B 35 selects standard character set. 1B 48 cancels double-strike printing. 1B 46 cancels emphasized printing. 1B 42 01 sets pitch to 10 characters/inch (Pica). Condensed Print = 1B4303 1B 43 03 sets pitch to 17 characters/inch. Expanded Print = 0E1B451B341B47 0E selects expanded print for rest of line. 1B 45 selects emphasized printing. 1B 34 selects italics. 1B 47 selects double-strike printing. GLOSSARY RS - Radio Shack - used to mean standard Radio Shack disk format (35 tracks, 18 sectors/track, directory in track 17, double density, single sided, files linked via Granule Table, 256 bytes sectors) Flex - Flex Operating System - used to mean standard Flex disk format (Single sided 40 tracks, 18 sectors/tracks or Double sided 40 tracks, 36 sectors/track, double density with track zero single density, directory starting in track zero, files linked via first 4 bytes of each sector, 256 byte sectors) MS-DOS - MS-DOS/PC-DOS Operating System - used to mean MS-DOS disk format (Single or double sided, double density, 40 tracks, 8 or 9 sectors/track, Directory starting in track zero, files linked via File Allocation Table (FAT), 512 byte sectors) SPECIAL NOTES/SHORT CUTS 1. When asked for track number on DUMP or EDIT sectors, if you reply with a "D", you will get the directory track (track 17, sector 3). 2. The drive being accessed is in the upper left corner of the screen (DR=#). 3. When editing a sector, moving the arrow keys off the top row advances to the next page. An easy way to get the last character of the first line is do go down one line and backup one character. 4. For double sided drives, add 4 to drive number to access the second side of the drive. For example, drive 4 would be the second side of drive 0 and drive 5 would be the second side of drive 1. ALL SUGGESTIONS ON USES/IMPROVEMENTS TO THIS PROGRAM ARE APPRECIATED. ACTION> (Next, Down, Xm, List)