McDermott, J., and R. Mukkamala, "Performance analysis of transaction
 management algorithms for the Sintra replicated-architecture database
 system," Proc. Seventh Annual IFIP WG11.3 Working Conference on
 Database Security, Huntsville, AL, Sept. 1993, pp. 216-240.

<blockquote>
The most critical problem with associated with implementing replicated
architecture multilevel-secure database systems is transaction management:
concurrency control, mutual consistency of replicas, and atomic recovery from
failures, under the constraints of multilevel security. This paper investigates
and compares the performance of five of the most promising transaction
management approaches, via analytic performance modeling. We find that all
five have acceptable performance and, over a wide range of circumstances,
can be chosen based on structural considerations rather than performance.
</blockquote>