Specifies that enclosed text is an author's comment. Text may be multi-line. Any text between the tags will not appear in an HTML browser. You can include lines of text between the start-tag and end-tag.
Example
<!--This line of text, enclosed in an HTML page, will not display. This second line of text will not display either.-->
Specifies the version of HTML used in the document. !DOCTYPE is the first element in any HTML document. !DOCTYPE is a required element for any HTML 3.2-compliant document.
Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
Stands for anchor. The end-tag is required.
| SAME | The author of the linked document is the same as the current document. |
| NEXT | The link is the next page in a sequence. |
| PARENT | The current page is the parent of a destination document. |
| PREVIOUS | The link is to the previous document. |
| window | Specifies to load the link into the targeted window. The window must begin with an alphanumeric character to be valid, except for the following four target windows: |
| blank | Load the link into a new blank window. This window is not named. |
| parent | Load the link into the immediate parent of the document the link is in. |
| self | Load the link into the same window the link was clicked in. |
| top | Load the link into the full body of the window. |
The properties of elements that can follow A are applied to the data characters or elements in the container. The anchor element is used to link text or other elements using the HREF= attribute. The anchor element is used to specify text or graphics as a named reference, to which hyperlinks can link, using the NAME= attribute. Anchors cannot be nested.
Example
<A HREF="http://www.somewhere.com"> This is a link to somewhere.</A> <A HREF="home.htm">This is a link to a file called home.htm in the same directory as this page.</A> <A TARGET="viewer" HREF="sample.htm">Click here to load the link into "viewer" window.</A>
Specifies the mailing address. This element typically is used at the bottom of a document. Text is displayed in italic. The end-tag is required.
Example
<ADDRESS>This text will be in italic.</ADDRESS>
Embeds a Java applet in an HTML document. The end-tag is required.
| LEFT | The applet is aligned to the left of surrounding text. |
| CENTER | The applet is aligned to the center of surrounding text. |
| RIGHT | The applet is aligned to the right of surrounding text. |
| TOP | The applet is aligned to the top of surrounding text. |
| MIDDLE | The applet is aligned to the middle of surrounding text. |
| BOTTOM | The applet is aligned to the bottom of surrounding text. |
Applet resources are loaded relative to the document URL. The CODEBASE= attribute is used to change this default behavior. If the CODEBASE= attribute is defined, it specifies a different location in which to find applet resources. The value can be an absolute or a relative URL. The absolute URL is used as is, without modification, and is not affected by the document's BASE element. When the CODEBASE= attribute is relative, it is relative to the document URL (or BASE tag, if defined).
Example
<APPLET CODEBASE="applets/javaapps" CODE=JavaDemo.class WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=200> <PARAM NAME=text value="This is a Java applet."> <IMG SRC=logo.gif ALT="Click here to view this Java applet."> </APPLET>
Specifies the shape of a "hot spot" in a client-side image map.
| RECT | Rectangle. Takes four coordinates: x1, y1, x2, and y2. This is the default. |
| RECTANGLE | Rectangle. Takes four coordinates: x1, y1, x2, and y2. |
| CIRC | Circle. Takes three coordinates: centerx, centery, and radius. |
| CIRCLE | Circle. Takes three coordinates: centerx, centery, and radius. |
| POLY | Polygon. Takes three or more pairs of coordinates denoting a polygonal region. |
| POLYGON | Polygon. Takes three or more pairs of coordinates denoting a polygonal region. |
| window | Specifies to load the link into the targeted window. The window must begin with an alphanumeric character to be valid, except for the following four target windows: |
| _blank | Load the link into a new blank window. This window is not named. |
| _parent | Load the link into the immediate parent of the document the link is in. |
| _self | Load the link into the same window the link was clicked in. |
| _top | Load the link into the full body of the window. |
Examples
<AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="50, 25, 150, 125" HREF="http://www.sample.com"> <AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="50, 25, 150, 125" NOHREF> <AREA TARGET="viewer" HREF="sample.htm" SHAPE="CIRCLE" COORDS="50, 25, 150, 125">
Renders text in bold. The end-tag turns off the bold formatting.
Example
<B>Displayed in a bold typeface.</B>
Specifies the document's URL.
| window | Specifies to load the link into the targeted window. The window must begin with an alphanumeric character to be valid, except for the following four target windows: |
| _blank | Load the link into a new blank window. This window is not named. |
| _parent | Load the link into the immediate parent of the document the link is in. |
| _self | Load the link into the same window the link was clicked in. |
| _top | Load the link into the full body of the window. |
Examples
<BASE HREF="http:// www.mysite.com/hello.htm"> <BASE HREF="http://www.mysite.com/hello.htm" TARGET="viewer">
Sets the base font value. This value will be used as a default for any text not formatted with a style sheet or using the FONT element.
Example
<BASEFONT SIZE=3> This sets the base font size to 3. <FONT SIZE=+4> Now the font size is 7. <FONT SIZE=-1> Now the font size is 2.
Adds background sounds or "soundtracks" to a page. Sounds can either be samples (.wav or .au format) or MIDI format.
Makes text one size larger.
Example
<BIG>This text is larger.</BIG>
Indents both left and right margins. Used to set apart quotations in text. The end-tag is required.
Example
<P>He said, <BLOCKQUOTE>"Hi there!"</BLOCKQUOTE>
Specifies the beginning and end of the document body. This element also allows you to set the background image, the background color, the link colors, and the top and left margins of the page. The end-tag is required.
Examples
The HTML used to insert the background image of a page might look like:
<BODY BACKGROUND="images/mybacks.gif" BGPROPERTIES=FIXED BGCOLOR=#FFFFFF TEXT=#000000 LINK=#ff6600 VLINK=#330099>
<HTML><BODY>Here's a Web page!</BODY></HTML>
Inserts a line break.
| NONE | The next text in the document appears immediately after the image. |
| LEFT | The next text in the document is displayed below the image at the next full left margin. |
| RIGHT | The next text in the document is displayed below the image at the next full right margin. |
| ALL | The next text in the document is displayed below the image at the next full left and right margins. |
Specifies a caption for a table. This element is valid only within the TABLE element. The end-tag is required.
| CENTER | The caption is centered above the margins of the table. |
| LEFT | The caption is aligned to the left side of the table. |
| RIGHT | The caption is aligned to the right side of the table. |
| TOP | The caption is at the top of the table. |
| BOTTOM | The caption is at the bottom of the table. |
Example
<TABLE>
<CAPTION VALIGN=BOTTOM>
This caption will appear below the table.
</CAPTION>
<TR>
....
</TR>
</TABLE>
Centers text and images. The end-tag returns the alignment to its previous state.
Example
<CENTER>This text appears centered on the page.</CENTER>
Indicates a citation. Refers to a book, paper, or other published source material. The end-tag is required.
Example
<CITE>Book Title.</CITE>
Specifies a code sample. Renders text in a small font. (If no font face is specified, the font used is fixed-width.) The end-tag is required.
Example
<CODE>Here is some text in a small, fixed-width font.</CODE>
Sets the properties of one or more columns. Use this element in conjunction with a COLGROUP element to set the properties of a column within a group of columns.
| CENTER | Text is aligned with the center of cells in the column. |
| LEFT | Text is aligned to the left of cells in the column. |
| RIGHT | Text is aligned to the right of cells in the column. |
This element is valid only within a table. The end-tag is not required and is not recommended.
The properties specified by the COL element always override the properties specified by the preceding COLGROUP element.
Example
<TABLE>
<COLGROUP>
<COL ALIGN=RIGHT>
<COL ALIGN=LEFT>
<COLGROUP>
<COL ALIGN=CENTER>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD>This is the first column in the group and is right-aligned.</TD>
<TD>This is the second column in the group and is left-aligned.</TD>
<TD>This column is in a new group and is centered.</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
Sets the properties of one or more columns.
| CENTER | Text is aligned in the center of cells in the column. |
| LEFT | Text is aligned to the left of cells in the column. |
| RIGHT | Text is aligned to the right of cells in the column. |
| MIDDLE | Text is aligned in the middle of cells specified in the column group. |
| TOP | Text is aligned to the top of cells specified in the column group. |
| BOTTOM | Text is aligned to the bottom of cells specified in the column group. |
| WIDTH=n | Indicates the width of the columns in the column group. |
This element is valid only within a table. The end-tag is not required and is not recommended.
If the columns in a group of columns require varying properties, use COLGROUP in conjunction with one or more COL elements to individually set the properties for the columns.
This element affects how rules are drawn within a table when groups are specified with the RULES= attribute in the TABLE element. In this case, vertical rules are drawn between column groups rather than between individual columns.
Example
<TABLE>
<COLGROUP ALIGN=RIGHT>
<COLGROUP SPAN=2 ALIGN=LEFT>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD>This column is in the first group and is right-aligned.</TD>
<TD>This column is in the second group and is left-aligned.</TD>
<TD>This column is in the second group and is left-aligned.</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
Indicates a comment. The text between the elements is ignored, unless it contains HTML code.
This element is provided for backward compatibility. See the entry for above.
Example
<COMMENT>This won't be printed.</COMMENT>
Indicates that the following text is a definition of a term, and therefore should be displayed in the right-hand column of a definition list.
Example
<DL><DT>Cat<DD>A small domesticated mammal. <DT>Lizard<DD>A reptile generally found in dry areas.</DL>
Specifies a definition. Formats a term for its first appearance in a document.
Example
<DFN>HTML stands for hypertext markup language.</DFN>
Specifies that the following text is a directory list that consists of individual items, each beginning with an LI element and none containing more than 20 characters, that should be displayed in columns. The end-tag is required.
Example
<DIR><LI>Art <LI>History <LI>Literature <LI>Sports <LI>Entertainment <LI>Science </DIR>
Represents different kinds of containers, for example, chapter, section, abstract, or appendix. The end-tag is required.
| LEFT | Text is aligned to the left. |
| CENTER | Text is centered. |
| RIGHT | Text is aligned to the right. |
| JUSTIFY | Text is justified to the right and left margins. |
Example
<DIV> This text represents a section. </DIV> <DIV ALIGN=CENTER> This text represents another section, and its text is centered. </DIV>
Specifies that the following block is a definition list, that is, an automatically formatted list with terms on the left and their definitions indented below. The end-tag is required.
See DT (directory term) and DD (directory definition) for a description of elements that appear within a directory list.
Example
<DL> <DT>Cat <DD> A small domesticated mammal. <DT>Lizard <DD>A reptile generally found in dry areas. </DL>
Specifies a term in a definition list. Indicates that the text is a term to be defined, and should therefore be displayed in the left-hand column of a definition list.
Example
<DL> <DT>Cat <DD> A small domesticated mammal. <DT>Lizard <DD>A reptile generally found in dry areas. </DL>
Emphasizes text, usually by rendering it in italic. The end-tag is required.
Example
<EM>This text will be in italics.</EM>
Indicates an embedded object. OBJECT is the preferred element for inserting objects, but EMBED is included for backward compatibility with earlier HTML documents.
The end-tag is required.
| PIXELS | The default size. |
| EN | Half the point size. |
Example
<EMBED SRC="MyMovie.AVI" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=250 AUTOSTART="TRUE" PLAYBACK="FALSE">
Sets the size, font, and color of text.
Denotes a form. The end-tag is required.
| GET | Appends the arguments to the action URL and opens it as if it were an anchor. |
| POST | Sends the data via an HTTP post transaction. |
| window | Specifies to load the link into the targeted window. The window must begin with an alphanumeric character to be valid, except for the following four target windows: |
| blank | Load the link into a new blank window. This window is not named. |
| parent | Load the link into the immediate parent of the document the link is in. |
| self | Load the link into the same window the link was clicked in. |
| top | Load the link into the full body of the window. |
Example
<FORM TARGET="viewer" ACTION="http://www.sample.com/bin/search">
...
</FORM>
Defines a single frame in a frameset. There is no matching end-tag.
| LEFT | The frame is drawn as a left-flush "floating frame," and text flows around it. |
| CENTER | Surrounding text is aligned with the center of the frame. |
| RIGHT | The frame is drawn as a right-flush "floating frame," and text flows around it. |
| TOP | Surrounding text is aligned with the top of the frame. |
| BOTTOM | Surrounding text is aligned with the bottom of the frame. |
Example
<FRAME FRAMEBORDER=0 SCROLLING=NO SRC="sample.htm">
Hosts the FRAME, FRAMESET, and NOFRAMES elements. FRAMESETs can be nested within each other to have layouts within a frame. Each frameset can exist at the same level as a frame.
The end-tag is required.
The FRAMEBORDER= and FRAMESPACING= attributes are inherited from any containing FRAMESET element, which means you need only set the attribute on the single, outermost FRAMESET tag to affect all FRAME tags on that page.
Example
<FRAMESET SCROLLING=YES COLS="25%, 50%, *">
<FRAME SRC="contents.htm">
<FRAME SRC="info.htm">
<FRAME SCROLLING=NO SRC="graphic.htm">
</FRAMESET>
Renders text in heading style. Use H1 through H6 to specify different sizes and styles of headings. The end-tag (required) restores the formatting to normal.
| LEFT | Text is aligned to the left. |
| CENTER | Text is aligned to the center. |
| RIGHT | Text is aligned to the right. |
Example
<H1>Welcome to Internet Explorer!</H1>
Marks the HTML document heading.
The end-tag is required to donote closure for the document heading. Typically the BODY begin-tag appears after the HEAD end-tag.
Example
<HEAD> <TITLE>A Simple Document</TITLE> </HEAD>
Draws a horizontal rule.
| CENTER | Rule is centered on the page. |
| LEFT | Rule is aligned to the left of the page. |
| RIGHT | Rule is aligned to the right of the page. |
Example
<HR SIZE=5 WIDTH=80% NOSHADE>
Denotes the file as an HTML document. The begin-tag typically appears after the !DOCTYPE element. The end-tag comes after all HTML elements in the document.
This element has no attributes.
Example
<HTML> <BODY> <P>This is an HTML document. </BODY> </HTML>
Renders text in italic. The end-tag turns off the italic formatting.
Example
<I>This text will be in italic.</I>
Defines a floating frame. The end-tag is required.
| LEFT | The frame is drawn as a left-flush "floating frame," and text flows around it. |
| CENTER | Surrounding text is aligned with the center of the frame. |
| RIGHT | The frame is drawn as a right-flush "floating frame," and text flows around it. |
| TOP | Surrounding text is aligned with the top of the frame. |
| BOTTOM | Surrounding text is aligned with the bottom of the frame. |
Example
<IFRAME FRAMEBORDER=0 SCROLLING=NO SRC="sample.htm"></IFRAME>
Inserts an image.
| TOP | Surrounding text is aligned with the top of the image. |
| MIDDLE | Surrounding text is aligned with the middle of the image. |
| CENTER | Surrounding text is aligned with the center of the image. |
| BOTTOM | Surrounding text is aligned with the bottom of the image. |
| LEFT | The picture is drawn as a left-flush "floating image," and text flows around it. |
| RIGHT | The picture is drawn as a right-flush "floating image," and text flows around it. |
| FILEOPEN | Start playing as soon as the file is done opening. This is the default. |
| MOUSEOVER | Start playing when the user moves the mouse pointer over the animation. |
Both values can be set but must be separated with a comma.
Example
<IMG SRC=mygraphic.bmp>
Specifies a form control.
| TOP | Surrounding text is aligned to the top of the form element. |
| MIDDLE | Surrounding text is aligned to the middle of the form element. |
| BOTTOM | Surrounding text is aligned to the bottom of the form element. |
| LEFT | Surrounding text is aligned to the left of the form element. |
| RIGHT | Surrounding text is aligned to the right of the form element. |
| TEXT | Used for a single-line text-entry field. Use in conjunction with the SIZE= and MAXLENGTH= attributes. |
| TEXTAREA | Used for a multiline text-entry field. |
| PASSWORD | The same as the TEXT= attribute, except that text is not displayed as the user enters it. |
| CHECKBOX | The element appears as a check box. |
| RADIO | Used for attributes that accept a single value from a set of alternatives. Each radio button field in the group should be given the same name. Only the selected radio button in the group generates a name/value pair in the submitted data. Radio buttons require an explicit VALUE= attribute. |
| SUBMIT | A button that, when clicked, submits the form. You can use the VALUE= attribute to provide a non-editable label to be displayed on the button. The default label is application-specific. If a SUBMIT button is clicked to submit the form, and that button has a NAME= attribute specified, that button contributes a name/value pair to the submitted data. Otherwise, a SUBMIT button makes no contribution to the submitted data. |
| RESET | A button that, when clicked, resets the form's fields to their specified initial values. The label to be displayed on the button can be specified just as for the SUBMIT button. |
| FILE | Used to insert a file. |
| HIDDEN | No field is presented to the user, but the content of the field is sent with the submitted form. This value can be used to transmit state information about client/server interaction. |
| IMAGE | An image field that you can click, causing the form to be immediately submitted. The coordinates of the selected point are measured in pixel units from the upper-left corner of the image, and are returned (along with the other contents of the form) in two name/value pairs. The x-coordinate is submitted under the name of the field with ".x" appended, and the y-coordinate is submitted under the name of the field with ".y" appended. Any VALUE= attribute is ignored. The image itself is specified by the SRC= attribute, exactly as for the image element. |
| BUTTON | The element appears as a button. |
Example
<FORM ACTION="http://intranet/survey" METHOD=POST> <P>Name <BR><INPUT NAME="CONTROL1" TYPE=TEXT VALUE="Your Name"> <P>Password <BR><INPUT TYPE="PASSWORD" NAME="CONTROL2"> <P>Color <BR><INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="CONTROL3" VALUE="0" CHECKED>Red <INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="CONTROL3" VALUE="1">Green <INPUT TYPE="RADIO" NAME="CONTROL3" VALUE="2">Blue <P>Comments <BR><INPUT TYPE="TEXTAREA" NAME="CONTROL4" SIZE="20,5" MAXLENGTH="250"> <P><INPUT NAME="CONTROL5" TYPE=CHECKBOX CHECKED>Send receipt <P><INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" VALUE="OK"><INPUT TYPE="RESET" VALUE="Reset"> </FORM>
Indicates the presence of a searchable index.
If the PROMPT= attribute is not used, the element displays the following message:
"You can search this index. Type the keyword(s) you want to search for:"
followed by a text box.
When the user enters text and presses ENTER, that text is posted back to the page's URL as a query.
Example
<ISINDEX "http://intranet/search" PROMPT="Type keywords here.">
Indicates text to be entered at the keyboard. Renders text in fixed-width and bold type. The end-tag is required.
Example
<KBD>The user should enter this text.</KBD>
Denotes one item of a list. Denotes a new list item in a DIR, MENU, OL, or UL block.
| A | Use large letters. |
| a | Use small letters. |
| I | Use large Roman numerals. |
| i | Use small Roman numerals. |
| 1 | Use numbers. |
Example
<DIR> <LI>Art <LI>History <LI>Literature <LI>Sports <LI>Entertainment <LI>Science</DIR>
Establishes a hierarchical organization for navigating between documents. The LINK element must reside within the HEAD element. The HEAD element may contain several LINK elements.
Example
<LINK HREF="http://www.mysite.com/linkpage.htm">
Renders text in fixed-width type.
Example
<LISTING>Here's some plain text.</LISTING>
Specifies a collection of hot spots for a client-side image map.
Example
<MAP NAME="map1">
<AREA ... >
<AREA ... >
</MAP>
Creates a scrolling text marquee. The scrolling text appears in the container.
| LEFT | Surrounding text aligns with the left of the marquee. |
| CENTER | Surrounding text aligns with the center of the marquee. |
| RIGHT | Surrounding text aligns with the right of the marquee. |
| TOP | Surrounding text aligns with the top of the marquee. |
| BOTTOM | Surrounding text aligns with the bottom of the marquee. |
| SCROLL | Start completely off one side, scroll all the way across and completely off, and then start again. This is the default. |
| SLIDE | Start completely off one side, scroll in, and stop as soon as the text touches the other margin. |
| ALTERNATE | Bounce back and forth within the marquee. |
Example
<MARQUEE DIRECTION=RIGHT BEHAVIOR=SCROLL SCROLLAMOUNT=10 SCROLLDELAY=200> This is a scrolling marquee. </MARQUEE>
Specifies that the following list of items contains individual items that begin with an LI element. The end-tag is required.
Example
<MENU> <LI>This is the first item in the menu. <LI>And this is the second item in the menu. </MENU>
Provides information about an HTML document to browsers, search engines, and other applications. For instance, META HTTP-EQUIV=REFRESH CONTENT=2 reloads a document every two seconds. Setting the HTTP-EQUIV= attribute to REFRESH gives the instruction to reload. The CONTENT= attribute specifies the time in seconds that the page refreshes. You can specify any URL in the element. If no URL is specified, the current document is reloaded.
Examples
If the document contains:
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Expires"
CONTENT="Tue, 04 Dec 1996 21:29:02 GMT">
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" CONTENT="HTML, Reference">
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Reply-to"
content="anybody@somewhere.com">
<Meta Http-equiv="Keywords" CONTENT="HTML Reference">
then the server would include the following header fields:
Expires: Tue, 04 Dec 1996 21:29:02 GMT
Keywords: HTML, Reference
Reply-to: anybody@somewhere.com
as part of the HTTP response to a GET or HEAD request for that document.
The following example shows the correct usage for describing a character set.
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=Windows-1251">
<HTML> <HEAD> <META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT=2> <TITLE>Reload Document</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <P>This document will be reloaded every two seconds. </BODY> </HTML> <HTML> <HEAD> <META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT="5; URL=http://www.mysite.com/next.htm"> <TITLE>Load Next Document</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <P>After five seconds have elapsed, the document "http://www.sample.com/next.htm" will be loaded. </BODY> </HTML>
Turns off line breaking. Renders text without line breaks.
Example
<NOBR>Here's a line of text I don't want to be broken . . . here's the end of the line.</NOBR>
Indicates content viewable only by browsers that do not support frames. Browsers that support frames will not display content between the beginning and ending NOFRAMES tags. You can create a page that is compatible with both browser types by using NOFRAMES.
Example
<FRAMESET> <NOFRAMES>You need Internet Explorer 3.0 to view frames!</NOFRAMES> </FRAMESET>
Inserts an object, such as an image, document, applet, or control, into the HTML document. An object can contain any elements ordinarily used within the body of an HTML document, including section headings, paragraphs, lists, forms, and nested objects.
The end-tag is required.
| LEFT | The object is drawn as a left-flush "floating object," and text flows around it. |
| TEXTTOP | Surrounding text is aligned with the top of the object. |
| MIDDLE | The object is drawn as a middle-centered "floating object," and text flows around it. |
| TEXTMIDDLE | Surrounding text is aligned with the middle of the object. |
| BASELINE | The object is drawn with its bottom aligned with the baseline of the continuous text. |
| TEXTBOTTOM | Surrounding text is aligned with the bottom of the object. |
| CENTER | Surrounding text is aligned with the center of the object. |
| RIGHT | The object is drawn as a right-flush "floating object," and text flows around it. |
Specifies that the following lines of text contain individual items that begin with an LI tag. These items are numbered.
| A | Use large letters. |
| a | Use small letters. |
| I | Use large Roman numerals. |
| i | Use small Roman numerals. |
| 1 | Use numbers. |
Example
<OL> <LI>This is the first item in the list. <LI>And this is the second item in the list. </OL> <OL START=3> <LI>This is item number 3. </OL> <OL TYPE=A> <LI>This is item A. </OL>
Denotes one choice in a list box. In a SELECT block, denotes one of the choices that will appear in the list.
Example
<SELECT NAME="Cars" SIZE="1">
<OPTION VALUE="1">BMW
<OPTION VALUE="2">PORSCHE
<OPTION VALUE="3" SELECTED>MERCEDES
</SELECT>
Inserts a paragraph break and denotes a paragraph. The end-tag is optional.
| LEFT | Text is aligned to the left margin of the page. |
| CENTER | Text is centered on the page. |
| RIGHT | Text is aligned to the right margin of the page. |
Example
<P>This is a paragraph.</P>
Sets property values for a given object. The end-tag is optional.
| DATA | The value is data. This is the default value type. |
| REF | The value is a URL. |
| OBJECT | The value is a URL of an object in the same document. |
This element is valid only within an OBJECT element.
Renders text in fixed-width type without processing tags and disables HTML parsing until the browser encounters the </PLAINTEXT> tag. The end-tag restores the text to normal formatting.
Example
<PLAINTEXT>Here's a sample of HTML: <A HREF="sample.url">This is a shortcut to a sample.</A></PLAINTEXT>
Renders text in fixed-width type. The end-tag restores the text to normal formatting.
This element is deprecated and is included for backward compatibility with earlier browsers.
Example
<PRE>Here's some plain text.</PRE>
Renders text in strikethrough type. The end-tag restores the formatting to normal.
Example
<S>This text has a line through it.</S>
Specifies sample text and renders it in a small font. (If no FACE= attribute is specified in the FONT element, fixed-width font is used.) The end-tag restores the text formatting to normal.
Example
<SAMP>Here is some text in a small fixed-width font.</SAMP>
Specifies the inclusion of a script such as VBScript or JavaScript. The scripts themselves appear in the element's container. The end-tag is required.
Authors often enclose the scripts in the SCRIPT element within the comment tag (<!-- ... -->). This prevents browsers which do not recognize the SCRIPT element from displaying the scripts as plain text in the browser.
Example
<SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT language="VBScript">
'... Additional VBScript statements ...
</SCRIPT>
Denotes a list box or drop-down list. The end-tag encloses any OPTION elements that may appear within the SELECT element.
Example
<SELECT NAME="Cars" SIZE="1">
<OPTION VALUE="1">BMW
<OPTION VALUE="2">PORSCHE
<OPTION VALUE="3" SELECTED>MERCEDES
</SELECT>
Reduces text by one size. Size is relative to the normal text size and is typically defined by the browser.
Example
<SMALL>This text is smaller.</SMALL>
Applies style information to text and other HTML elements within a document. SPAN can be used for localized formatting of text by using STYLE= as an attribute. For the application of CSS1 properties to text elements, STYLE is the preferred element.
The end-tag is required.
Example
<SPAN STYLE="margin-left: 1.0in"> This paragraph is 1.0 inches from the left margin.</SPAN>
Renders text in strikethrough type. The end-tag returns formatting to normal.
Example
<STRIKE>This text has a line through it.</STRIKE>
Emphasizes the text. Usually displays the text in bold. The end-tag returns formatting to normal.
Example
<STRONG>This text will be bold.</STRONG>
Allows authors to include rendering information by using a specified style notation. Information in the STYLE element overrides client defaults and linked style sheets. The end-tag is required.
Example
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<STYLE>
BODY {background: white; color: black}
H1 {font: 8pt Arial bold}
P {font: 10pt Arial; text-indent: 0.5in}
A {text-decoration: none; color: blue}
</STYLE>
<BODY>
<H1>The background color of this document is white. The color of text
is black. This text, formatted with the heading one element, is in
8-point Arial bold.</H1>
<P>This text is formatted with 10-point Arial and an indented margin
of 0.5 inches.
<P>The hyperlink created by the text &A HREF=>click here&/A>appears
in blue.
<BODY>
<HTML>
Renders text in subscript. The end-tag restores normal formatting.
Example
<SUB>This text is rendered as subscript.</SUB>
Renders text in superscript. The end-tag restores normal formatting.
Example
<SUP>This text is rendered as superscript.</SUP>
Defines a table. Use the TR, TD, and TH elements in the container to create the rows, columns, and cells. The end-tag is required.
The optional THEAD, TBODY, TFOOT, COLGROUP, and COL elements can be used to organize a table and apply attributes across columns and groups of columns.
| LEFT | The table is left-aligned. |
| CENTER | The table is centered on the page. |
| RIGHT | The table is right-aligned. If the table is less than the width of the window, text following the table wraps along the left side of the table. |
| BLEEDLEFT | The table bleeds over the margin into the left side of the document. |
| BLEEDRIGHT | The table bleeds over the margin into the right side of the document. |
| JUSTIFY | The table fits the left and right margin definitions. |
| NO | Text appears immediately after the table. |
| LEFT | Text appears as the first left-aligned line after the table. |
| RIGHT | Text appears as the first right-aligned line after the table. |
| ALL |
| BORDER | Displays a border on all sides of the table frame. This is the default. |
| VOID | Removes all outside table borders. |
| ABOVE | Displays a border on the top side of the table frame. |
| BELOW | Displays a border on the bottom side of the table frame. |
| HSIDES | Displays a border on the top and bottom sides of the table frame. |
| LHS | Displays a border on the left-hand side of the table frame. |
| RHS | Displays a border on the right-hand side of the table frame. |
| VSIDES | Displays a border on the left and right sides of the table frame. |
| BOX | Displays a border on all sides of the table frame. |
| NONE | Removes all interior table borders. This is the default. |
| GROUPS | Displays horizontal borders between all table groups. Groups are specified by the THEAD, TBODY, TFOOT, and COLGROUP elements. |
| ROWS | Displays horizontal borders between all table rows. |
| COLS | Displays vertical borders between all table columns. |
| ALL | Displays a border on all rows and columns. |
| TOP | The table is aligned at the top. |
| MIDDLE | The table is vertically aligned at the middle. |
| BOTTOM | The table is vertically aligned with the bottom. |
| BASELINE | The table is aligned with the text baseline. |
Example
<TABLE BORDER=1 WIDTH=80%>
<THEAD>
<TR>
<TH>Heading 1</TH>
<TH>Heading 2</TH>
</TR>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD>Row 1, Column 1 text.</TD>
<TD>Row 1, Column 2 text.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Row 2, Column 1 text.</TD>
<TD>Row 2, Column 2 text.</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
Creates multiple sections when rules are needed between groups of table rows. The end-tag is required.
If a table does not have a header or footer (does not have a THEAD or TFOOT element), the TBODY element is optional. The end-tag is optional.
You can use the TBODY element more than once in a table. This is useful for dividing lengthy tables into smaller units and for controlling the placement of horizontal rules.
Example
<TABLE>
<THEAD>
<TR>
...
</TR>
<TBODY>
<TR>
...
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
Creates a cell in a table. The end-tag is optional.
| CENTER | The text is centered in the cell. |
| LEFT | The text is aligned with the left side of the cell. |
| RIGHT | The text is aligned with the right side of the cell. |
| JUSTIFY | The text in the cell is justified. |
| MIDDLE | Text is aligned in the middle of each cell. |
| TOP | Text is aligned with the top of each cell. |
| BOTTOM | Text is aligned with the bottom of each cell. |
| BASELINE | Text in adjoining cells in a row is aligned along a common baseline. |
This element is valid only within a row in a table, that is, you must use a TR element before using TD. All attributes are optional.
Creates a multiline text entry control in which the user can type and edit text. The end-tag is required.
Any text between the start-tag and end-tag is used as the initial value for the control.
Defines the table footer. Use TFOOT to duplicate footers when breaking a table across page boundaries, or for static headers when body sections are rendered in a scrolling panel.
The table footer is optional; if given, only one footer is allowed. The TFOOT element is valid only within a table; you must use a TABLE element before using this element. The end-tag is optional.
Example
<TABLE>
<TBODY>
<TR>
...
</TR>
<TFOOT>
<TR>
...
</TR>
</TABLE>
Creates a row or column heading in a table. The element is similar to the TD element but emphasizes the text in the cell to distinguish it from text in TD cells. The end-tag is optional.
| CENTER | The text in the header is aligned in the center of the cell. |
| LEFT | The text in the header is aligned with the left margin. |
| RIGHT | The text in the header is aligned with the right margin. |
| JUSTIFY | The text in the header is justified. |
| TOP | Text is aligned with the top of each cell. |
| MIDDLE | Text is aligned in the middle of each cell. |
| BOTTOM | Text is aligned with the bottom of each cell. |
| BASELINE | Text in adjoining cells in a row is aligned along a common baseline. |
This element is valid only within a row in a table, that is, you must use a TR element before using TH. All attributes are optional.
Defines the table heading. Use THEAD to duplicate headings when breaking tables across page boundaries, or for static headings when body sections are rendered in a scrolling panel.
| CENTER | The text in the heading is aligned in the center of the page. |
| LEFT | The text in the heading is aligned with the left margin. |
| RIGHT | The text in the heading is aligned with the right margin. |
| JUSTIFY | The text in the heading is justified. |
| MIDDLE | Text is aligned in the middle of the heading. |
| TOP | Text is aligned at the top of the heading. |
| BOTTOM | Text is aligned at the bottom of the heading. |
The table heading is optional; if given, only one heading is allowed. The THEAD element is valid only within a table; you must use a TABLE element before using this element. The end-tag is optional.
Example
<TABLE>
<THEAD>
<TR>
...
</TR>
<TBODY>
<TR>
...
</TR>
</TABLE>
Specifies a title for the document. Internet Explorer uses this for the window caption.
This element is valid only within the HEAD element. The end-tag is required.
Example
<HEAD> <TITLE>"Welcome To Internet Explorer!"</TITLE> </HEAD>
Creates a row in a table.
| CENTER | Text in the row is centered. |
| LEFT | Text in the row is aligned to the left. |
| RIGHT | Text in the row is aligned to the right. |
| JUSTIFY | Text in the row is justified. |
| MIDDLE | Text is aligned in the middle of each cell. |
| TOP | Text is aligned with the top of each cell. |
| BOTTOM | Text is aligned with the bottom of each cell. |
| BASELINE | Text in adjoining cells in a row is aligned along a common baseline. |
Indicates teletype. Renders text in fixed-width type. The end-tag returns the text formatting to normal.
Example
<TT>Here's some plain text.</TT>
Renders underlined text. The end-tag restores the text to normal.
Example
<U>This text is underlined.</U>
Specifies that the following block of text contains individual items that begin with an LI tag. These items are bulleted. The end-tag is required.
Example
<UL> <LI>This is the first bulleted item in the list. <LI>And this is the second bulleted item in the list. </UL>
Indicates placeholder text for a variable. Displays text in a small, fixed-width type. The end-tag (required) restores the formatting to normal.
Example
Enter the <VAR>filename</VAR> in the dialog box.
Inserts a soft line break in a block of NOBR text.
Example
<NOBR>This line of text will not break, no matter how narrow the window gets. <WBR>This one, however, will.</NOBR>
Indicates example text by displaying it in fixed-width type. The end-tag (required) restores the text to normal.
Example
<XMP>Here's some plain text.</XMP>