THE BATTLE OF BORODINO
Home of The Underdogs - http://www.theunderdogs.org/
Typed in by DELTA. edited by PARASITE.


NAPOLEON'S INVASION OF RUSSIA IN 1812 IS BEST REMEMBERED FOR THE
DISASTEROUS FRENCH RETREAT FROM MOSCOW.THIS CATASTROPHE FINALLY
BROUGHT TO A CLOSE ANY OF THE EMPORER'S REMAINING AMBITIONS IN THE
EAST.NAPOLEON FAILED IN HIS EFFORTS TO BRING THE RUSSIANS TO HEAL
IN A SINGLE DECISIVE BATTLE,AND ONE OF THE UNANSWERED QUESTIONS OF
THIS PERIOD IS WHAT WOULD HAVE HAPPENED IF HE HAD ACHIEVED THIS AT
THE ONE BIG CONFRONTATION,....THE BATTLE OF BORODINO.
THERE SEEMS TO BE NO SINGLE REASON FOR THE INVASION.IT FOLLOWED
SEVERAL YEARS OF DETERIORATING RELATIONS BETWEEN FRANCE AND
RUSSIA,AFTER A RATHER WOOLY AGREEMENT WAS REACHED IN TILSIT IN
1807.AT THAT TIME THE TZAR OF RUSSIA,ALEXANDER,WAS VERY EGAR TO
COME TO AN AGREEMENT WITH NAPOLEON.THE RUSSIAN ARMY HAD BEEN
MAULED AT AUSTERLITZ,ONE OF NAPOLEON'S GREATEST SUCCESSES,AND THE
TZAR SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN PERSONALLY OVERAWED BY THE FRENCH EMPORER.%
DESPITE THE AGREEMENT REACHED,THERE WERE SEVERAL LONG STANDING
DIFFERENCES THAT REMAINED (AND STILL REMAIN !) TO NIGGLE BOTH
SIDES,NOTABLY THE FUTURE OF POLAND AND RUSSIA'S NEVER ENDING LUST
FOR A SOUTHERN PORT,IN THIS CASE CONSTANINOPLE.A FURTHER PROBLEM
WAS NAPOLEON'S INSISTENCE THAT RUSSIA ABIDE BY AN ECONOMIC
BLOCKADE OF GREAT BRITAIN,KNOWN AS THE CONTINENTAL SYSTEM.THIS WAS
MANIFESTLY NOT IN RUSSIA'S INTEREST,UPSETTING TRADE WITH GREAT
BRITAIN STARTED GROWING UNREST AMONG THE NOBILITY AND MERCHANTS.
HOWEVER THESE PROBLEMS IN THEMSELVES ARE NOT THE CAUSES OF THE
MAJOR WARS.THE DECIDING ISSUE WAS NAPOLEON'S PERSONALITY.IF THERE
WAS ONE THING HE WAS NOT PREPARED TO TOLERATE,IT WAS A CHALLENGE
TO HIS PERSONAL POWER AND PRESTIGE.THE RUSSIANS WERE REJECTING HIS
POSITION OF MASTER OF EUROPE AND POSING AN INFLUENTIAL CHALLENGE
TO HIS AUTHORITY.IN EFFECT,NAPOLEON'S BLUFF WAS CALLED,AND
RELATIONS DETERIORATED TO THE POINT WHERE IT WAS A CHOICE BETWEEN
WAR AND A LOSS OF FACE.NAPOLEON CHOSE WAR.
SHOWING HIS MASTERY OF PLANNING AND LOGISTICS,NAPOLEON ASSEMBLED
A HUGE ARMY OF AROUND 675,000 MEN.ON THE 23 JUNE 1812 THIS FORCE
STARTED CROSSING THE RIVER NIEMEN,THUS STARTING THE WAR IN
EARNEST.DIVIDED INTO THREE,HIS PLAN WAS TO TRAP THE RUSSIAN ARMY
AND CRUSH IT.BUT FOR THE INCOMPETANCE AND HESITANT NATURE OF SOME
OF HIS SUBORDINATES,IT MAY WELL HAVE SUCEEDED.BUT IT DID NOT.THE
LAST CHANCE FOR THE FRENCH TO SURROUND AT LEAST SOME OF THE
RUSSIAN ARMY WAS LOST AT THE BATTLE FOR THE CITY OF SMOLENSK.THIS
CITY WAS ABANDONED BY THE RUSSIANS ON THE NIGHT OF AUGUST 17TH.
ON THE RUSSIAN SIDE,THE COMMANDER OF THE FIRST ARMY,BARCLAY DE
TOLLY,WAS WAITING THE ARRIVAL OF THE SMALLER SECOND ARMY UNDER
PRINCE BARATION,WHO WAS MOVING UP FROM THE SOUTH.THEY DID NOT MEET
UNTIL SMOLENSK.THEIR COMBINED FORCES OF 127,000 FROM THE FIRST
ARMY,AND 48,000 OF THE SECOND,ENABLED THE COMMANDERS TO CONSIDER A
MAJOR ACTION.
MAINLY FOR POLITICAL REASONS,PRINCE KUTUSOV WAS GIVEN OVERALL
COMMAND OF THE COMBINED ARMIES ON AUGUST 29TH .HE WAS A SLOW,PLUMP,
BUT CRAFTY AND UNFLAPPABLE INDIVIDUAL.
NAPOLEON COULD HAVE CONSOLIDATED HIS HOLD AROUND SMOLENSK, AND
WINTERED THERE.HE CERTAINLY CONSIDERED THIS, BUT HIS MILITARY
INSTINCTS SEEM TO HAVE WON THE DAY,AND HE DECIDED TO PRESS ON
DESPITE THE HUGELY OVERSTRECTCHED SUPPLY LINES BACK WEST.IT WAS
NOT UNTIL HIS TROOPS APPROACHED THE RIVER KALATSHA,BRIDGED AT THE
VILLAGE OF BORODINO, THAT THEY FINALLY SAW THE MASSED RANKS OF THE
TWO RUSSIAN ARMIES,DIGGING IN AND PREPARING FOR BATTLLE.

BORODINO IS ABOUT 70 MILES WEST OF MOSCOW.IT IS OF LITTLE
SIGNIFICANCE ITSELF,BUT IT IS WHERE THE RUSSIAN COMMANDER IN
CHIEF,KUTUSOV,CHOSE TO MAKE HIS STAND.IT WAS THE LAST CHANCE OF
HOLDING OUT TO PREVENT THE FALL OF MOSCOW.SEPTEMBER 5TH SAW A
FIERCE BATTLE FOR THE ADVANCED RUSSIAN REDOUBT AT SHEVARDINO.THIS
EVENTUALLY FELL WITH THE ARRIVAL OF THE FRENCH 5TH CORP UNDER
PONIATOVSKI,AS THE POSITON WAS THE OUTFLANKED.KUTUSOV THEN ORDERED
A WITHDRAWAL TO THE MAIN DEFENCE LINE.
SEPTEMBER 6TH SAW A DAY OT ALMOST UNREAL CALM.BOTH SIDES WERE SO
PREOCCUPIED WITH PREPERATIONS SUCH AS THE RUSSIANS BUILDING
EARTHWORKS AND THE FRENCH, PONTOONS OVER THE RIVER,THAT THERE ARE
NO REPORTS OF ANY SIGNIFICANT ACTION.
THIS CALM PROVED TO BE THE LULL BEFORE THE STORM.ON SEPTEMBER 7TH
THE BATTLE PROVED TO BE ONE OF THE BLOODIEST OF ALL TIME..
THE RUSSIAN COMMANDERS WERE INITALLY WORRIED ABOUT THE EXACT LINE
OF NAPOLEON'S ATTACK,AND PREPARED TO DEFEND A 5 MILE LINE FROM THE
VILLAGE OF UTITSA TO THE JUNCTION OF THE RIVERS KALATSHA AND
MOSKVA.THE CENTREPIECE OF THE DEFENCES WAS A LARGE EARTHWORK,JUST
EAST OF THE BRIDGE AT BORODINO,CALLED THE GREAT REDOUBT.FURTHER
SOUTH THREE ARROW SHAPED FORTS,CALLED THE FLETCHES,PROTECTED THE
CENTER LEFT. UTITSA ITSELF WAS NOT PROTECTED BY EARTHWORKS OF ANY
SIGNIFICANCE,AND NORTH OF BORODINO THE RUSSIANS DEFENCES FOLLOWED
THE LINE OF KALATSHA.
THE RUSSIANS HAD AROUND 120,000 MEN AT BORODINO ,INCLUDING
17,000 REGULAR CAVALRY, 7,000 COSSACKS, 10,000 HASTILY FORMED
VOLUNTEER MILITIAMEN AND 640 PIECES OF ARTILLERY,THE FRENCH HAD A
SLIGHT NUMERICAL ADVANTAGE WITH 131,000 MEN , AND 587 GUNS.
INCLUDING 28,000 CAVALERY AND 587 GUNS.
FOR REASONS BEST KNOWN TO HIMSELF,NAPOLEON HAD ONE OF HIS WORST
OFF DAYS,AND DID NOT PLAN ANYTHING MORE THAN A FRONTAL
ASSUALT.DESPITE HAVING SEVERAL MILES OF ROOM FOR SOME
MANOEUVRE,MOST OF THE FIGHTING SURROUNDED THE GREAT REDOUBT AND
THE FLETCHES.THESE EVENTULY FELL AND THE RUSSIANS WERE PUSHED BACK
TO FORM A LINE ALONG THE RIDGES BEHIND THEM. SIDESHOWS INCLUDED THE
CAPTURE OF UTITSA, PONIATOVKSI,AND AN INSPIRED COUNTER ATTACK BY
SOME RUSSIAN CAVALRY ACROSS KALATSHA TO THE NORTH. THIS ACHIEVED
LITTLE,BUT DELAYED EVENTS FURTHER SOUTH BY A VITAL HOUR,AS
KUTUSOV WAS HURRIDLY BOLSTERING HIS LEFT FLANK WITH DIVIONS
BROUGHT DOWN FROM THE NORTH.
KUTUSOV PLANNED TO CONTINUE THE DEFENCE INTO A SECOND DAY, IT
WAS ONLY WHEN THE CASUALTY REPORTS CAME IN THAT HE CHANGED HIS
MIND. LOSSES WERE HUGE, ESTMATES VARY BUT CASUALATIES WERE IN THE
ORDER OF 40-50,000 EACH SIDE,A TREMENDOUS SACRIFICE THAT ACHIEVED
SO LITTLE,KATUSOV ORDERED A WITHDRAWAL OVERNIGHT,LEAVING THE CAMP
FIRES BURNING ( TO PRETEND NOTHING WAS HAPPENING ) TO DELAY THE
FRENCH PERSUIT AS LONG AS POSSIBLE.
THE BATTLE OF BORODINO WAS TECHNICALLY A FRENCH VICTORY,AT LEAST
IT HAS BEEN DOCUMENTED AS SUCH IN WESTERN ACCOUNTS.A BLOODY DRAW
WOULD SEEM MORE ACCURATE.THE FRNCH ARMY WAS SO BADDLY BATTERED ITS
ADVANCE OVER THE NEXT FEW DAYS COULD HARDLY BE CALLED A
PERSUIT.MOSCOW WAS ABANDONED TO IT A FEW DAYS LATER, AS NO OBVIOUS
DEFENCE LINE EXISTED.
NAPOLEON WAITED IN MOSCOW FOR THE TZAR TO OFFER PEACE TERMS.BUT
THE TZAR DID NOT GIVE IN,AND NAPOLEON WAS EVENTUALLY FORCED INTO A
RETREAT THROUGH THE RUSSIAN WINTER.THIS RETREAT WAS CHARACTERISED
BY A WHOLE SERIES OF SMALLER BATTLES,SOME WHERE NAPOLEON SHOWED

CONSIDERABLE GENIUS IN ENABLING HIS ARMY TO ESCAPE.CONTRARY TO THE
POPULAR MYTH THAT THE FRENCH ARMY DIED IN THE COLD, MOST OF THE
SOLDIERS DIED IN THE FIGHTING,OR AS A RESULT OF THEIR WOUNDS.
THE SHATTERED REMNANTS OF THE GRAND ARMY DID ESCAPE,BUT WITH THE
LOSS OF 570,000 MEN AND ALMOST ALL THE 200,000 HORSES.STRANGELY
PERHAPS,NAPOLEON WAS GREETED AS A HERO WHEN HE FINALLY GOT BACK TO
PARIS,NEVERTHELESS,HE MUST HAVE DEEPLY REGRETTED HIS DECISION TO
INVADE RUSSIA IN THE FIRST PLACE: THE GRAND ARMY COULD NEVER
RECOVER.

PLAYING INSTRUCTIONS
WHEN LOADED, YOU WILL BE ASKED TO PLACE THE DATA DISK INTO THE
CURRENT DRIVE.
THE START UP SEQUENCE GOES THROUGH A BRIEF HISTORY LEADING UP TO
THE BATTLE,
AFTER THE INITIAL HISTORY YOU WILL BE ASKED A SEQUENCE OF
QUESTIONS TO SET UP THE GAME (ANSWER Y OR N ).
1/ IF A HUMAN PLAYS NAPOLEON,KUTUSOV,BOTH,OR NEITHER.
2/ IF COMMUNICATION MESSAGES BETWEEN LESSER GENERALS IS TO BE
DISPLAYED ( PLAYERS HQ MESSAGES ARE ALWAYS DISPLAYED ).
3/ IF THE USER IS ALLOWED TO VIEW THE BATTLEFIELD FROM DIFFERENT
POSITIONS THAN JUST THE COMMANDERS.
4/ MILES OR KILOMETRES.
5/ SEE THE CANNON SMOKE AND EARTH THROWN UP.
6/ COMPASS (Y. TO SEE THE MAIN COMPASS DIRECTIONS).
7/ IF A NOTE ON WHAT THE PROGRAM IS DOING IS TO BE DISPLAYED.
8/ TO CHANGE THE HISTORICAL ORDERS.
9/ AUTO GAME SAVE EVERY HOUR.

TWO HUMAN OPPONENTS.
BORODINO IS AN EXCELLENT WAY OF PLAYING A HUGE BATTLE AGAINST A
HUMAN OPPONENT.

CHANGING HISTORICAL ORDERS.
IF YOU OPT TO CHANGE THE INITIAL ORDERS,YOU MAY ENTER UP TO 30 NEW
ONES FOR EITHER SIDE,THE CORPS GENERALS WILL KEEP THEIR HISTORICAL
ORDERS UNLESS THEY ARE EXPLICITLY CHANGED,SO THERE IS NO NEED TO
RE-ENTER ANY ORDERS THAT A GENERAL ALREADY HAS,

PLAY BY MAIL.
BY SAVING THE GAME DATA AFTER EVERY MOVE IT IS POSSIBLE TO PLAY BY
MAIL.

THE MAP.
ONE SIDE OF THE MAP SHOWS THE INITIAL HISTORICAL POSITIONS,AND THE
MAIN MOVES DURING THE BATTLE,THE SECOND SIDE IS FOR YOU TO PLAN
YOUR OWN STRATEGIES.

THE START OF THE BATTLE.
THE BATTLE STARTS AT 6.00 AM.THERE WILL BE A SHORT DELAY BEFORE
YOU ARE ASKED TO GIVE ORDERES.BOTH COMMANDERS CAN GIVE UP TO 8
ORDERS IN EVERY 15 MIN TURN (TYPE X OR ESC IF YOU WISH TO ENTER
LESS ).WHENEVER .K. APPERES IN THE BOTTOM RIGHT CORNER,EITHER
CLICK THE MOUSE,PRESS ANY KEY,OR WAIT FOR THE TIME-OUT (20
SECS).BEFORE TYPING ANY ORDERS ,LOOK AROUND THE SCREEN FIRST...

THE GRAPHICS.
THE FRENCH ARMY IS LINED UP FROM THE NORTH TO THE SOUTH AND FACE
EAST.THE VIEW SHOWN WHEN ASKED TO GIVE ORDERS IS ALWAYS FROM THE
COMMANDERS POSITION:NAPOLEON FACING EAST OR KUTUSOV FACING
WEST,THE TOTAL BATTLE AREA IS ALWAYS GREATER THAN THE VIEW.
A PLAYER CAN SEE ABOUT ONE AND A HALF TO TWO MILES IN ANY
DIRECTION ( THE TOTAL AREA IS AROUND SIX MILES NORTH/SOUTH,FIVE
MILES EAST/WEST ).THE BATTLE GOES ON REGARDLESS OF WHAT THE
PLAYER IS LOOKING AT.IF VIEWING FROM THE COMMANDERS POSITION,HE
WILL ALWAYS BE SITUATED IN THE CENTRE SQUARE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE
SCREEN,REGARDLESS OF WHICH DIRECTION IS BIENG LOOKED AT.

LOOKING AROUND.
TO LOOK IN ANY ONE OF THE FOUR COMPASS DIRECTIONS - -IN RESPONSE
TO THE ORDER: PROMPT TYPE--LOOK ..IE.LOOK EAST OR LOOK
E. THIS WILL GIVE A PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF ALL THE COMMANDER CAN
SEE.HE CAN RELEY ON INCOMMING MESSAGES,OR MOVE AROUND THE
BATTLEFIELD,TO FIND OUT WHAT IS GOING ONELSEWHERE,IF,HOWEVER,THE
ANSWER TO QUESTION 3 WAS YES ,THEN THE VIEWING OPTIONS ARE
EXPANDED TO.....LOOK FROM 
IE --LOOK EAST OR LOOK WEST FROM BORODINO (A VILLAGE NAME) OR,
LOOK WEST OR LOOK WEST FROME EUGENE (A GENERALS NAME)
WHEN VIEWING FROM A GENERALS POSITION YOU CAN ONLY CHOOSE YOUR OWN
GENERAL..

FRENCH ARMY COLOURS
LIGHT INFANTRY......LIGHT PURPLE WITH RED HATS
LINE INFANTRY.......DARK BLUE WITH BLACK HATS
GUARD INFANTRY......DARK PURPLE WITH BLACK HATS
LIGHT CAVALRY.......AS LIGHT INFANTRY WITH WHITE HORSES
LINE CAVALERY.......AS LINE INFANTRY ON WHITE HORSES
GUARD CAVALRY.......AS GUARD INFANTRY ON WHITE HORSES
FOOT ARTILLERY......DARK BLUE WITH BLACK HATS,BLACK GUNS
HORSE ARTILLERY.....AS FOOT ARTILLERY CREW ON WHITE HORSES

RUSSIAN ARMY COLOURS
MILITIA.............(VOLUNTEERS)BROWN WITH BLACK HATS
LIGHT INFANTRY......RED WITH BLACK HATS
LINE INFANTRY.......DARK GREEN WITH BLACK HATS
GUARD INFANTRY......LIGHT YELLOW WITH BLACK HATS
COSSACKS............RED WITH DARK PURPLE HATS ON WHITE HORSES
LIGHT CAVALRY...... AS LIGHT INFANTRY ON WHITE HORSES
LINE CAVALRY........AS LINE INFANTRY ON WHITE HORSES
GUARD CAVALRY.......AS GUARD INFANTRY ON WHITE HORSES
FOOT ARTILLERY......DARK GREEN WITH BLACK HATS,BLACK GUNS
HORSE ARTILLERY.....AS FOOT ARTILLERY BUT CREW ON WHITE HORSES

EACH REGIMENT IS DRAWN ON THE SCREEN AS A BLOCK OF UNITS LED BY A
COLONEL (RECOGNISABLE AS THEY ALL HAVE TRIANGULAR FLAGS)
AS THE GAME PROGRESSES UNITS CAN CHANGE DIRECTION AND
FORMATION,FOR EXAMPLE GUNS CAN BE TOWED OR LINE UP TO FIRE,AND
INFANTRY WILL FORM SQUARES IF THREATENED BY CAVALRY.
IN ADDITION TO THE ARMY UNITS THERE ARE INDIVIDUAL HORSEMAN,WHICH
CAN EITHER BE GENERAL'S OR RIDERS (CARRYING MESSAGES).ALL
GENERAL'S ARE SHOWN AS A HORSEMAN WITH A FLAG,RIDERS ARE SIMPLY
SOWN AS HORSEMEN WITHOUT A FLAG.

FRENCH OFFICERS
NAPOLEON...........DARK GREY ON A WHITE HORSE,DARK BLUE
SQUARE FLAG.
CORPS GENERAL'S....DARK BLUE ON A BROWN HORSE.PURPLE SQUARE
FLAG.
DIVISION GENERALS..DARK BLUE ON A BROWN HORSE,LIGHT BLUE
SQUARE FLAG,
REGIMENT COLONELS..BLACK ON A BROWN HORSE,LIGHT BLUE
TRIANGULAR FLAG.
RUSSIAN OFFICERS
KUTUSOV............DARK GREY ON A WHITE HORSE,WHITE SQUARE
FLAG.
CORPS GENERAL'S....DARK GREEN ON A BROWN HORSE,DARK YELLOW
SQUARE FLAG.
DIVISION GENERALS..DARK GREEN ON A BROWN HORSE,RED SQUARE
FLAG.
REGIMENT GERERALS..BLACK ON A BROWN HORSE,RED TRIANGULAR
FLAG.
TERRAIN
IN ADDITION TO THE ARMY UNITS THERE ARE THE FOLLOWING TERRAIN
DETAILS...HILLS,HOUSES,A CHURCH(ONLY ONE IN THE VILLAGE OF
BORODINO),TWO PONTOONS,ONE BRIDGE (ALSO IN BORODINO),WOODS,A
STREAM,A RIVER,AND SOME FORTS.FORTS AND EARTHWORKS ARE SHOWN AS
BROWN SHAPES.

THE TELESCOPE
THE CURSER ACTS AS A TELESCOPE WHEN LOOKING OUT OVER THE
PERSPECTIVE VIEW,IT PICKS UP VILLAGE AND FORT
NAMES,PONTOONS,CHURCH,BRIDGE, GENERAL'S NAMES, AND TYPE OF UNITS,IT
ALSO RETURNS A RANGE AND DIRECTION,JUST PRESS THE LEFT MOUSE
BUTTON TO VIEW CLOSE UP.

GIVING ORDERS
ALL ORDERS ARE SENT DOWN THE COMMAND CHAIN,FROM COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF
TO CORPS COMMANDERS,CORPS COMMANDERS TO DIVISIONS,AND FROM
DIVISIONS TO REGIMENTS:

COMMANDER IN CHIEF.....NUMBER :1
CORPS GENERAL..........NUMBER :12 TO 16
DIVISION GENERALS......NUMBER :1 TO 8 PER CORPS.60+ IN TOTAL
REGIMENT COLONELS......NUMBER :1 TO 8 PER DIV,UP TO 30 PER CORPS
160 TO 170 IN TOTAL

ORDERS ARE IN ENGLISH,IN RESPONSE TO THE ..ORDER :PROMPT WHEN IT
APPEARS,AND ARE SENT STRICTLEY ACCORDING TO THE MILITARY
HIERARCHY.THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF CAN ONLY ORDER THE CORPS
COMMANDERS.
THE ORDERS THE COMMANDER SENDS ARE THE KEY TO THE GAME-BUTTHE
GENERALS HAVE ALREADY RECIEVED THE ORDERS THAT THEY HISTORICALLY
GIVEN-SO FIGHTING WILL START EVEN IF NO NEW ORDERS ARE SENT.THE
HISTORIC ORDERS USED TO START ARE GIVEN IN ...APPENDIX B.

SIMPLE ORDERS
MOST ORDERS THAT CAN BE SENT TO THE CORPS GENERALS ARE QUITE
SOPHISTICATED AND ARE LISTED IN ....APPENDIX A. SOME SIMPLE ONES
ARE AVAILBLE TO HELP THE PLAYER ;-

TYPE EFFECT
X OR ESCAPE STOPS REQUESTING MORE ORDERS,MAXIMUM ENTERED
LOOK
(SEE GRAPHICS)
QUIT ABANDONS GAME
SAVE SAVES GAME AT END OF NEXT BATTLE ROUND,GAME
CONTINUES.
PROVIDES DETAILS OF THE COMMAND STRUCTURE (THE
NAMES OF ALL THE SUBORDINATE GENERALS AND THE
TYPE OF FORCES THAT THEY COMMAND ).THE NAME
CAN BE OF A CORPS COMMANDER,A DIVISIONAL
OFFICER OR SIMPLY HQ.
SNAP THIS WILL SAVE THE VIEW AS A NEO COMPATABLE
FILE,NAME WILL BE FROM SNAP-A.NEO TO SNAP-Z
POINTS GIVES YOU A TOTAL OF HOW YOU ARE DOING,POINTS
ARE GIVEN FOR,ARMY SIZE,PRISONERS,CASUALTIES
CAUSED,FORTS AND VILLAGES IN YOUR CONTROL.
PAUSE FREEZE ALL THE ACTION

WHEN 8 ORDERS HAVE BEEN ENTERED (OR X TYPED )THE NEXT 15 MIN
PERIOD STARTS.

WATCHING THE BATTLE
BY WAY AF A DEMONSTRATION ALL THE CORRESPONDANCE BETWEEN THE
VARIOUS GENERALS MAY BE SHOWN ON THE SCREEN.THIS WOULD OBVIOUSLY
NOT BE REALISTIC,BUT IT IS INTERESTING AND HELPFULL TO SEE HOW THE
PROGRAM INTERPRETS ORDERS.
THE DELAYS IN SHOWING ANYTHING ON THE SCREEN ARE SIMPLY WHEN THE
GENERALS THEMSELVES ARE THINKING,OR WHEN THE UNITS ARE MOVING
,SHOOTING,FIGHTING OR OTHER LOW LEVEL OPERATIONS ARE BEING CARRIED
OUT.A SHORT NOTE APPEARS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SCREEN SIMPLY TO
TELL THE PLAYER THAT THE COMPUTER IS BUSY.
THE BATTLE IS FOUGHT TO EXTREAMELY DETAILED RULES,SIMILAR TO
TABLETOP WARGAME RULES.
THE BATTLE CONTINUES UNTILL 7.00 PM - WHEN FULL BATTLE REPORT
DETAILS WILL BE AVAILABE AND THE RESULT ASSESED.YOU ARE ALSO
GIVEN THE OPTION OF LOOKING AROUND THE BATTLE FIELD..

HINTS FOR YOUR FIRST BATTLE
A VICTORY IS DIFFICULT TO ACHIEVE,THESE HINTS GIVE NOTHING AWAY
BUT WILL HELP YOU GET GOING.

! DO BE SPECIFIC WHEN GIVING ORDERS..IE;-NEY ORDER 1 INFANTRY
DIVISION AND YOUR CAVALRY TO MOVE TO UTITSA.

! DO REMEMBER THE TIME LAG FROM ISSUING ORDERS TO THEM BEING
CARRIED OUT,IT MAY BE POINTESS TRYING TO CORRECT A MESSY SITUATION
UNTIL YOUR PREVIOUS COMMAND HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT.

! THE SHELL ORDER IS PARTICULARILY USEFUL.SOME FORTIFICATIONS
WILL BE DIFFICULT TO DISLODGE WITHOUT A PRIOR BOMBARDMENT.

! DONT ISSUE..FORM LINE OR CHANGE STRATEGY...ORDERS UNTIL YOU
ARE FAMILIAR WITH THE GAME: THEY HAVE A MAJOR EFFECT ON THE WAY
THE BATTLE IS FOUGHT,IT IS EASY TO GET IN A MESS WITH THEM,AND THE
HISTORIC ORDERS (GIVEN INITIALLY BY DEFAULT) ARE AS GOOD AS ANY.

!DO ASK FOR BATTLE REPORTS FROM THE FRONT LINE GENERAL'S EVERY
FEW HOURS OR SO.THE ORDER GOES ;- SEND ME YOUR
BATTLE REPORT.ALTERNATIVELY GET ALL THE REPORTS USING ;- ALL CORPS
SEND ME YOUR BATTLE REPORTS..

! DONT GO OVERBOARD IN ISSUING ORDERS

! IN THE FIRST FEW GAMES DO MAKE LIBERAL USE OF THE ..LOOK
FROM OPTION.IT WILL SHOW YOU THAT THE BATTLE
IS GOING ON ALL OVER THE PLACE.

! DO THINK BIG ,USE THE BATTLE MAP TO PLAN THE OVERALL
STRATEGY,AND UPDATE IT AS REPORTS COME IN.

! IF YOU ARE A LONG WAY FROM ONE AREA OF THE BATTLE,DO CONSIDER
ASSIGNING A CORPS OR TWO TO SUPPORT THE FRONT LINE GENERAL THERE.

! DO GET TO KNOW YOUR KEY COMMANDERS BY NAME,AND THE POSITIONS
THEY HOLD.

MOVING THE HQ
DURING THE MOVEMENT OF THE UNITS A HUMAN PLAYER WILL BE ASKED IF
THEY WISH TO MOVE THE HQ.IF SO THEY ARE ASKED THE MAIN DIRECTION
THEY WISH TO MOVE (N,S,E,OR WEST) AND THEN THE MOUSE IS USED TO
PICK OUT THE DESTINATION.

APPENDIX A THE ORDERS
ORDERS CAN BE TYPED IN EITHER UPPER OR LOWER CASE.ORDERS MUST BE
SPELT CORRECTLY,MISTAKES CAN BE CORRECTED USING;-CURSOR,DELETE
,BACKSPACE AND ONE SPECIAL KEY CONTROL DELETE THIS WILL DELETE FROM
CURSOR POSITION TO THE END OF THE ORDER,SHORTENED WORDS WILL BE
ACCEPTED IE;"SEMION" WILL BE ACCEPTED AS SEMIONOVOSKAYA,BUT NOT
"BORO" AS BORODINO AS THERE ARE SEVERAL NAMES THAT START BORO.
RATHER THAN SEND AN ORDER TO ONE NAMED CORPS GENERAL,...ALL
CORPS. CAN BE ENTERED IE;-ALL CORPS SEND ME YOUR BATTLE REPORTS OR
ALL CORPS RETREAT.

BATTLE COMMANDS
THESE ORDERS ARE USED TO HANDLE MOST OF THE FIGHTING -SPECIFYING
TARGETS,DEFENDING VILLAGES,HILLS,WOODS AND GENERALLY TO MOVE CORPS
AND DIVISIONS AROUND.
BATTLE ORDERS ARE ALSO GIVEN BY THE CORPS GENERALS ACTING ON
THEIR OWN INITIATIVE,BUT WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF THE STRATEGY THEY
ARE WORKING ON,AND ANY DEFENCE/ATTACK LINE THAT MAY HAVE BEEN
SPECIFIED (SEE FORM LINE ORDER).
IF NO INDIVIDUAL DIVISIONS ARE SPECIFIED,THE CORPS GENERAL WILL
SELECT ONE OR MORE OF HIS OWN CHOICE.

FORMAT
1/ 
2/ RETREAT
3/ ORDER
TO
4/ ORDER
TO RETREAT

IS ONE OF: ATTACK,DEFEND,STAY IN RESERVE,MOVE,SHELL.
SPECIFIES THE TARGET OR DESTINATION IE;- A VILLAGE ,FORT ,
THE BRIDGE,PONTOON OR A GENERAL'S NAME.
ALTERNATIVELY IT CAN BE SOME TERRAIN FEATURE,OR SIMPLY A DISTANCE
AND DIRECTION ,THUS...11/2 MILES SOURTHEAST OF THE PONTOONS.
IS OPTIONAL, BUT TAKES THE FORM:..FOR <2)HOURS,OR FOR
<30>MINUTES. EXAMPLES: NEY MOVE TO UTITSA.
NEY ORDER YOUR ARTILLERY TO MOVE 1/2 MILE EAST
NEY MOVE 1 MILE TO THE SOUTHWEST OF UTITSA
DAVOUT AT 2.30 PM RETREAT
DAVOUT ATTACK UTITSA

EUGENE SHELL THE ENEMY CAVALRY 1 MILE NORTH OF YOU FOR 30
MINUTES
DAVOUT ORDER 2 INFANTRY DIVISIONS TO DEFENT THE WOOD 1 MILE
NORTH OF YOU
EUGENE ORDER YOUR CAVALRY TO MOVE TO BORODINO
DAVOUT ORDER COMPANS TO MOVE TO THE HQ

YOU MUST USE THE WORD..ORDER.. WHEN SPECIFYING DIVISIONS,THIS IS
TO DISTINGUISH THIS ORDER FROM ONE OF THE CORPS GENERAL WHEN NO
DIVISIONS ARE SPECIFIEDUNFORTUNATLEY THE ORDER ..DAVOT MOVE
COMPANS TO UTITSA.. IS ILLEGAL,IT HAS TO BE ENTERED ..DAVOUT
ORDER COMPANS TO MOVE TO UTITSA.

SUPPORT ORDERS
THESE TELL CORPS TO GIVE,TAKE OR STOP GIVING OR STOP TAKING
SUPPORT FROM ANOTHER CORPS GENERAL.WHEN ONE CORPS GENERAL SUPPORTS
ANOTHER,IT TRANSFERS ITS OWN DIVISIONS TO THAT CORPS WHEN A REQUEST
FOR ASSISTANCE ARE RECIEVED.
IF ANY ONE SUPPORT ORDER IS GIVEN,THE COMPLIMENTARY ONE IS SENT
AUTOMATICALLY(BY THE COMMANDER'S STAFF). FOR EXAMPLE:

FORMAT
1/ GIVE SUPPORT TO
2/ TAKE SUPPORT FROM
3/ STOP GIVING SUPPORT
4/ STOP GIVING SUPPORT TO 
EXAMPLES: JUNOT,GIVE SUPPORT TO NEY
MONTBRUN,AT 6.30 AM GIVE SUPPORT TO NEY AND DAVOUT

BATTLE REPORTS
THIS ORDER TELLS THE CORPS GENERAL TO ASK ALL IT SUBORDINATES
FOR DETAILS OF MEN,GUNS,CASUALTIES AND SO ON,AND THEN SENDS A
REPORT BACK TO THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF.

FORMAT.. SEND ME YOUR BATTLE REPORT
IE:- DAVOUT SEND ME YOUR BATTLE REPORT
EUGENE,AT 7.30 AM SEND ME YOUR BATTLE REPORTS

TRANSFER COMMAND
THIS ORDER TELLS A CORPS GENERAL TO TRANSFER COMMAND OF ONE OR
MORE OF ITS DIVISIONS OVER TO ANOTHER CORPS GENERAL.
FORMAT..TRANSFERTO.
CAN BE MADE UP OF EITHER DIVISIONAL GENERAL
NAMES (EG,SABASTIANI),OR A NUMBER OF TYPES OF DIVISIONS (EG.2
CAVALER DIVISIONS),OR SIMPLY AN UNSPECIFIED NUMBER OF DIVISIONS.
(EG.YOUR INFANTRY).
YOU CANNOT,HOWEVER,SIMPLY SAY..2 DIVISIONS..A DIVISION TYPE MUST
BE SPECIFIED. EXAMPLES: MOUNTBRUN,TRANSFER SEBASTIANA TO NEY.
MOUNTBRUN,TRANSFER SEBASTIANI AND DEFRANCE TO NEY.
GROUCHY,AT 8 AM TRANSFER CHASTEL AND 1 DIVISION OF ARTILLERY TO
EUGENE.

CHANGE STRATEGY COMMAND
CORPS GENERALS WILL OPERATE ON ONE BASIC STRATEGY.THIS ORDER WILL
PROBABLY ONLY BE GIVEN AT THE START OF THE BATTLE,OR WHEN THINGS
ARE GOING PARTICULARY WELL OR BADLY. IF YOU WISH TO TAKE PERSONAL
CONTROL OF THE DIVISIONS WITHIN THE CORPS,GIVE AN ORDER TO THE
CORPS COMMANDER TO CHANGE HIS STRATEGY TO STAND.YOU WILL STILL
HAVE TO SEND ORDERS TO THE DIVISIONS VIA THE CORPS COMMANDER,BUT
HE WILL NOT SEND THEM OFF ON ANY TASKS ON HIS OWN INITIAVE.
IF YOU SPECIFY THAT A CORPS SHOULD ADOPT A RESERVE STRATEGY,IT
WILL STAY PUT UNLESS IT IS THREATENED,IN WHICH CASE IT WILL ADOPT
A DEFENCE LINE.THIS IS THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RESERVE AND
STAND.

FORMAT.
1/ CHANGE YOUR ROLE TO 
2/ CHANGE YOUR STRATEGY TO
CAN BE ONE OF ..ATTACK,DEFEND,STAND BY,RESERVE,RETREAT.
EXAMPLES..EUGENE,CHANGE YOUR STRATEGY TO DEFENCE
MONTBRUN,AT 1 30 PM CHANGE YOUR ROKLE TO STAND-BY

FORM A DEFENCE OR ATTACK LINE
THIS IS A STRATEGIC ORDER TO THOSE CORPS GENERALS WHO ARE TO MAKE
UP THE FRONT LINE.CARE HAS TO BE TAKEN TO ENSURE THE FRONT LINE IS
COMPLETE(SEE HISTORIS ORDERS FOR AN EXAMPLE).
ESSENTIALLY A CORPS GENERAL ON THE FRONT LINE IS GIVEN TWO
PLACES TO FORM A LINE BETWEEN,AND TWO CORPS GENERALS NAMES TO LINK
WITH AT THESE PLACES.
ALTERNATIVELY A FLANK CAN BE SPECIFIED,THAT DOES NOT REQUIRE A
PLACE OR A GENERAL TO BE NAMED.THIS ORDER NEED NEVER BE GIVEN IF
THE HISTORIC ORDERS ARE USED.
THE CORPS GENERAL WILL ADJUST THE LINE SPECIFIED TO ENSURE A
FIRM LINK WITH THE NAMED GENERALS,AND AN ATTACK LINE WILL BE
PUSHED FORWARD.

FORMAT
1/ FROMLINE FROMLINKING WITH GENERAL>TOLINKING WITH.
2/FORMLINE FROM THE NORTH FLANK
TOLINKING WITH.
3/ FORMLINE FROMLINKING WITH GENERAL> TO THE SOUTH FLANK.

WHERE IS EITHER ..AN ATTACK OR A DEFENCE.
EXAMPLE:
THE HISTORIC ORDERS SHOW HOW A COMPLETE FRONT LINE IS FORMEN.

APPENDIX B.. THE HISTORIC ORDERS USED TO INITIALISE THE GAME

FRENCH
EUGENE,FORM AN ATTACK LINE FRON THE ORTH FLANK,TO THE PONTOONS
LINKING WITH NEY

NEY,FORM AN ATTACK LINE FROM 1/2 MILE SOUTHEAST OF THE POMTOONS
LINKING WITH EUGENE,TO SHEVARDINO LINKING WITH DAVOUT

DAVOUT,FORM AN ATTACK LINE FROM 1/2 MILE SOUTHEAST OF SHEVARDINO
LINKING WITH NEY,TO 1/2 MILE SOUTHEAST OF THE REDAN LINKING WITH
PONIATOVSKI

PONIATOVSKI,FORM AN ATTACK LINE FROM 1 MILE SOUTH OF THE REDAN
LINKING WITH DAVOUT,TO THE SOUTH FLANK

GROUCHY,GIVE SUPPORT TO EUGENE

RUSSIAN
BAGGOVUT,FORM A DEFENCE LINE FROM THE NORTH FLANK,TO 1 MILE
SOUTHWEST OF MASLOVA LINKING WITH OSTERMAN

OSTERMAN,FORM A DEFENCE LINE FROM 1 MILE NORTHEAST OF GORKI
LINKING WITH BAGGOVUT,TO 1/2 MILE EAST OF GORKI LINKING WITH
DOKHTUROV

DOKHTUROV,FORM A DEFENCE LINE FROM GORKI LINKING WITH OSTERMAN,TO
1/2 MILE NORTHEAST OF THE REDOUBT LINKING WITH RAEVSKI

RAEVSKI,FORM A DEFENCE LINE FROM THE REDOUBT LINKING WITH
DOKHTUROV,TO SEMIONOVSKAYA LINKING WITH BOROZDIN

BOROZDIN,FORM A DEFENCE LINE FROM THE FLETCHES LINKING WITH
RAEVSKI,TO 1/2 MILE SOUTHEAST OF THE FLETCHES LIKING WITH TUCHKOV

TUCHKOV,FORM A DEFENCE LINE FROM 1/2 MILE NORTHEAST OF UTITSA
LNKING WITH BOROZDIN TO 1/2 MILE SOUTHEAST OF UTUTSA LINKING WITH
KARPOV

KARPOV,FORM A DEFENSE LINE FROM 1 MILE SOUTH OF UTITSA LINKING
WITH TUCHKOV,TO THE SOUTH FLANK

APPENDIX C-THE PROPER NAMES IN THE VOCABULARY
THE PARSER UNDERSTANDS THE FOLLOWING POSITIONS
SPECIAL FEATURES.....THE BRIDGE ,THE PONTOON(S),THE REDOUBT,THE
FLETCHES,THE REDAN

VILLAGES....PALIBINO,MASLOVA,BESUBOVA,ZARKARTINO,BORODINO,
VALUIEVA,GORKI,TATARINOVO,KNIAZKOVO,ALEKSINKI,FOMINKA,SHEVARDINO,
SEMIONOVOSKAYA,PSAREVO,ACHINKOVO,UTITSA,ARTEMKI,MYKHINO,YELNIA,
DORONINO,MASLOVA,LOGINOVO,GOROCHKOVO,ILINSKOE,USPENSKOE,MALOE,
NOVOE AND STAROE.

APPENDIX D.. THE ARMIES
THE FRENCH ARMY....ALL NAMES ARE RECOGNISED BY THE PARSER.OUR
RESEARCH HAS NOT MANAGED TO REVEAL A FEW OF THE DIVISIONAL
COMMANDERS NAMES,SO THESE ARE REFERED TO IN A FORM SUCH AS:II-
FOOT-ART OR B-RESERVE.

COMMANDER IN CHIEF.....NAPOLEON
THE FIVE MAIN INFANTRY CORPS

DAVOUT
PERNETY.......3 FOOT,1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
FRIANT........1 LIGHT,2 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
DESSIAX.......4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
COMPANS.......3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
GIRARDIN......2 LIGHT CAVALARY BRIGADES

NEY
FOUCHER.......3 FOOT,1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
LEDRU.........3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
RAZOUT........5 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
MARCHAND......1 LIGHT,5 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS

EUGENE
DANTHOUARD....4 FOOT,2 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
MORAND........1 LIGHT,3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
GERARD........1 LIGHT,3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
DELZONS.......1 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
BROUSSIER.....1 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
LECCHI........2 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS
ORNANO........2 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES

POINATOVSKI
PELLETIER.....3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
ZAYONCZEK.....4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
KAMIENSKI.....3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
KAMINSKI......2 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES

JUNOT
VANDAMME......2 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
THARREUA......1 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
D-OCHS........2 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
CHABERT.......2 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES

FOUR RESERVE CAVALRY CORPS

NANSOUTY
I-ARTILLERY...1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERY
BRUYERE.......3 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES
ST-GERMAIN....3 HEAVY CAVALRY BRGADES
VALENCE.......3 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES

MONTBRUN
II-ARTILLERY..1 HORSE ARTLLLERY BATTERY
SEBASTIANI....3 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES
WATHIER.......3 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES
DEFRANCE......3 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES

GROUCHY
III-ARTILLERY.2 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
CHASTEL.......3 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES
DOUMERC.......3 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES
HOUSSAYE......2 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES

LATOUR-MAUBOURG
IV-ARTILLERY..1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERY
ROSINSKI......2 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES
LORGE.........2 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES

THE IMPERIAL OLD GUARD
LEFEBVRE
CURIAL........6 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS

THE IMPERIAL YOUNG AND MIDDLE GUARD
MORTIER
SORBIER.......2 FOOT,2 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
ROGUET........8 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS
CLAPAREDE.....4 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS
DELABORDE.....4 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS
BESSIERES.....3 GUARD CAVALRY BRIGADES

THE RESERVE ARTILLERY
LARIBOSSIERE
A-RESERVE.....4 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
B-RESERVE.....3 FOOT ARTILLER BATTERIES

RUSSIAN ARMY
COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF: KUTUZOV

THE RUSSIAN IST ARMY
INFANTRY CORPS

BAGGOVUT
II-FOOT-ART.....2 FOOT,1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
VIURTEMBERGSKI..2 LIGHT,3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
OLSUFEV.........2 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
II-CAVALRY......1 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADE

TUCHKOV
III-FOOT-ART....3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
KONOVNITSYN.....1 LIGHT,3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
STROGANOV.......3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
III-CAVALRY.....2 COSSACK BRIGADES

OSTERMAN
IV-FOOT-ART.....3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
N-BAKHMETEV.....2 LIGHT,3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
A-BAKHMETEV.....1 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
IV-CAVALRY......1 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADE

GUARDS

LAVROV
ROZEN...........8 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS
KANTAKUZEN......4 GUARD INFANTRY REGIMENTS
V-CAVALRY.......2 GUARD CAVALRY BRIGADES

DOKHTUROV
VI-FOOT-ART.....2 FOOT,1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERIES
KAPSTEVICH......1 LIGHT,2 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
LIKHACHEV.......2 LIGHT,2 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
VI-CAVALRY......1 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADE

CAVALRY CORPS

UVAROV
1-HORSE-ART.....1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERY
CHALIKOV........2 GUARD CAVALRY BRIGADES
CHERNYSHEV......2 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES

KORFF
II-HORSE-ART....1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERY
DAVYDOV.........2 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES
PANCHULIDZEV....2 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES

KREITS
III-HORSE-ART...1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERY
SCALON..........1 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADE
KLEBEK..........1 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADE
DOROKHOV........1 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADE

COSSACKS

PLATOV
I-COSSACKS......3 COSSACK BRIGADES
II-COSSACKS.....4 COSSACK BRIGADES

THE RUSSIAN SECOND ARMY

INFANTRY CORPS
RAEVSKI
VII-FOOT-ART....3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
PASKEVICH.......2 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
VASILCHIKOV.....2 LIGHT,4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
VII-CAVALRY.....2 LIGHT CAVALRY BRIGADES

BOROZDIN
VIII-FOOT-ART...2 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
MEKLENBURGSKI...4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
NEVEROVSKI......1 LIGHT,3 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS
VORONTSOV.......4 LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS

CAVALRY CORPS

SIVERS
IV-HORSE-ART....1 HORSE ARTILLERY BATTERY

PANCHULIDYEV....2 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES
EMANUEL.........2 HEAVY BRIGADES

GOLITSYN
DEPRERADOVICH...3 HEAVY CAVALRY BRIGADES
DUKA............3 HEAVY CAVALER BRIGADES

MOSCOW AND SMOLENSK MILITIA
KUTAISOV
LEBEDEV.........3 MILITIA INFANTRY REGIMENTS
MARKOV..........7 MILITIA INFANTRY REGIMENTS

COSSACKS
KARPOV
III-COSSACKS....3 COSSACK BRIGADES

RESERVE ARTILLERY
TOLL
RESERVE-A.......3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
RESERVE-B.......3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
RESERVE-C.......3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
RESERVE-D.......3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES
RESERVE-E.......3 FOOT ARTILLERY BATTERIES

*** END OF MANUAL ***